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A balanced chemical equation gives the mole ratios of reactants and products for chemical reactions. If the formulas of all reactants and products are known, it is relatively easy to balance an equation to find out what the mole ratios are. When the formulas of products are not known, experimental measures must be made to determine these ratios.

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What is a Mole? It's not just a spot on your skin. In Chemistry, a mole is such a large quantity of atoms that it allows the atomic mass of an element to be measured weight (This also allows molecules to be measured in grams).

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Acknowledgement Learning and Teaching Simple mass-mole conversions; Avogadro constant Teaching calculations in chemistry - a few tips As a generalisation, the more a problem has the left hand characteristics the more straightforward it tends to be.

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The purpose of this lab was to become familiar with a method for determining the relative activities of metals as reducing agents. The first experiment tested the reaction of sodium with water. A test tube was filled with water and inverted in a large beaker of water ...

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In this study, we investigate the potential of chitosan, a natural beta-1-4-linked glucosamine polymer, to reduce plant transpiration. Chitosan was appliedfoliarly to pepper plants and water use was monitored. Peppers were grown in pots ingrowth-chambers, where transpiration was measured by weighing pots. In an accompanying field study, water use was determined by monitoring soil moisture depletion with time domain reflectometry.

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Application of chitosan in agriculture, even without chemical fertilizer, can increase the microbial population by large numbers, and transforms organic nutrient into inorganic ...

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In its time it became an important but controversial method for detecting iron in solution, before being supplanted by more effective reagents. The purpose of this paper is to review the history of the reagent and to show that not only is it an indicator of iron, but also an indicator of the chemical understanding of the times: 'a litmus test' of chemical knowledge. ...

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A major advantage is chitosan's antimicrobial properties, which have been acknowledged since the 1970's but only recently probed in detail. Ri- cardo Muzzarelli, a pioneer of chitosan research, observed in 1990 that chitosan drastically inhibited the growth of 298 bacterial cultures.

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An evaluation of the kinetics and capacity of chitosan to trap lead and cadmium ions in aqueous solution was carried out at 25oC using concentration and contact time as parameters. The experiments were done as batch process. Our results show that the adsorption process is concentration-driven with high capacity of chitosan for the adsorption of these metal ions

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Very hazardous in case of eye contact (irritant). Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation (lung irritant). Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching.

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